Urine R/E (Routine Examination)
Also known as: Urine test, Urine routine test, peshab ka test, urine test kya hai
A physical, chemical and microscopic check of urine: colour, specific gravity, protein, sugar, blood, nitrite, pus cells and crystals.
Why it's ordered
Investigating urine infections, kidney problems, diabetes and blood in the urine.
Preparation
Give a clean-catch midstream sample, ideally the first urine of the morning. Women should avoid testing during periods.
Typical adult values
| Protein / glucose | negative |
|---|---|
| Pus cells (WBC) | 0–5 per high-power field |
| Red cells (RBC) | 0–2 per high-power field |
| Nitrite | negative |
Ranges vary between labs and methods. Always use the range printed on your report.
If it's high
Many pus cells with positive nitrite suggest a urine infection — a urine culture confirms it and guides antibiotics. Protein can suggest kidney involvement. Glucose suggests high blood sugar.
If it's low
Very dilute urine (low specific gravity) can come from drinking a lot of water.
Good to know
A contaminated sample often shows many epithelial cells and can give false results. Collect carefully into a sterile container.
Common questions
How should I collect a urine sample?
Give a clean-catch midstream sample, ideally the first urine of the morning, into a sterile container. Women should avoid testing during periods.
What do pus cells in urine mean?
The typical value is 0–5 per high-power field. Many pus cells with positive nitrite suggest a urine infection, and a urine culture confirms it. Always use the range printed on your report.
What does protein in urine mean?
Protein is typically negative on this test. Protein can suggest kidney involvement.
Why does my report show many epithelial cells?
A contaminated sample often shows many epithelial cells and can give false results. Collect carefully into a sterile container.