Iron Studies (Serum Iron, TIBC)
Also known as: Serum iron and TIBC, Iron profile, iron test, iron profile test, khoon mein iron ki kami
A group of tests: serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and transferrin saturation. Together with ferritin, they show whether the body has too little or too much iron.
Why it's ordered
Investigating anaemia, especially with small red cells, tiredness or heavy periods, and checking for iron overload.
Preparation
A morning sample is best, ideally fasting, because iron levels change through the day and after meals. Stop iron tablets for at least 24 hours before the test if your doctor agrees.
Typical adult values
| Serum iron | about 60–170 µg/dL |
|---|---|
| TIBC | about 250–450 µg/dL |
| Transferrin saturation | about 20–50% |
Ranges vary between labs and methods. Always use the range printed on your report.
If it's high
High iron with transferrin saturation above about 45% can mean iron overload, for example from many blood transfusions (as in thalassaemia major) or an inherited condition called haemochromatosis. Recent iron tablets or injections also raise it.
If it's low
Low iron with high TIBC and low saturation points to iron deficiency. Low iron with low TIBC is more typical of long-term illness or inflammation.
Good to know
Ferritin is the single best test for iron stores, and these tests add detail. In Pakistan, iron deficiency is very common in women and children; the cause, such as heavy periods, diet or worms, should also be looked for.
Common questions
Do I need to fast for iron studies?
A morning sample is best, ideally fasting, because iron levels change through the day and after meals.
What do low iron and high TIBC mean?
Low iron with high TIBC and low saturation points to iron deficiency.
Which is better, ferritin or serum iron?
Ferritin is the single best test for iron stores, and these tests add detail.
What is a normal transferrin saturation?
Typically about 20–50%. Always use the range printed on your report.